86 Scientific Case Studies
1. THE INFLUENCE OF PHEROMONES ON HUMAN ATTRACTIVENESS, MOOD AND BEHAVIOUR
1.1. Chemosensory perception of sexual characteristics is mediated by two humancompounds in a sex-dependent manner.
1.2. Androstadienone enhances male cooperation
1.3. Human pheromones influence human behavior
1.4 Evidence that androstadienone, a putative humansemiochemical, alters men's attractiveness to women
1.5. Sniffing human sex steroid derivatives affects mood,memory, and autonomic nervous system function in specific contexts.
1.6. Semiochemical compounds of breastfeeding women increase sexual motivation
1.7. Pheromonal influence on socio-sexual behavior inpostmenopausal women
1.8. The putative human pheromone androstadienone tunesthe mind to emotional information.
1.9. Human Body Odor, Symmetry and Attractiveness
1.10. Sex differences inthe perception of intraspecific chemosensory alarm signals in humans.
1.11. Context-dependent effects of steroid semiochemicalson human physiology and mood.
1.12. Concordant Identification of Opposite-Sex Signals? Human Pheromones and Facial Characteristics
1.13. Women's Odor Preference for Dominant Men: The Influence of the Menstrual Cycle and the Partnership
1.14. Androstenol, a putative human pheromone, influences decision-making in men (Homo sapiens)
1.15. Sniffing human sex steroid derivatives affects moodand autonomic arousal in a dose-dependent manner.
1.16. The influence ofmenstrual cycle phase on women's preference for the scent of symmetrical men.
1.17. The influence of putative male pheromones on women's ratings of men's attractiveness: theinfluence of contraceptive pills and the menstrual cycle
1.18. Human Pheromones and Sexual Attraction
1.19. Female Pheromones and Male Physiology
1.20. Derivatives of sex steroids distinct, sex-dependent changes in theautonomic nervous system of humans.
1.21 Do androgensfunction like pheromones in humans?
1.22 Sex Differences in Response to Alpha AndrostenoneOdor
1.23 Smelling human hormone-derived compounds influences gender categorization of people'sfaces.
1.24 Subliminal amounts ofsocial odorant influence the mood, but not the behavior, of heterosexual womenwhen tested by a male, but not a female, experimenter.
1.25 Psychological effects of subliminal exposure tothe putative human pheromone 4,16-androstadien-3-one
1.26 Communication of emotions through the human senseof smell
1.27 The Smell of Fear
1.28 The influence of semiochemical steroids on thepsychological state and mood of women and men
1.29 Behavioral and electrophysiological changes underthe influence of androstadienone, a human pheromone
1.30 The perfume industry and the sixth sense
1.31 Sudden moodchanges and human odors
2. MOTHER & CHILD PHEROMONES
2.1 Neonatal Smell and Behavior: Clinical Significance
2.2 The smell of breasts, as the only maternal stimulant, directs the baby towards the source ofthe smell
2.3 Mothers' recognition of newborns through olfactory signals
3. SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE THAT HUMAN PHEROMONES INFLUENCE CHANGES IN HORMONE LEVELS IN THE BRAIN OF OTHER PEOPLE
3.1 Smelling a single compound in human sweat alters cortisol levels in women.
3.2 Inhaling odorous, hormone-related sex compounds activates the hypothalamus in humans, ina way that differs between the sexes.
3.3 Human semiochemicalcompounds influence brain functions in a subliminal way.
3.4 Male axillary extracts contain pheromones that influence the pulsatile secretion ofluteinizing hormone and change women's mood
3.5 Axillary pheromones modulate pulsatile LH secretion in humans.
3.6 The effect of 5-androst-16-en-3-ol on pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in women
3.7 Human Pheromones: Linking Neuroendocrinology to Etiology
3.8 Battle of the Scents: The Importance of Pheromones in Human Reproduction]
3.9 Do male pheromones cause changes in physiology and behavior?
4. GENES, THE BRAIN
4.1 Recording of Human Sexual Signals in the Orbitofrontal and Fusiform Cortex
4.2 The relationship between MHC and mate choice in humans
4.3 Human Body Odors: Conscious Perception and Biological Effects
4.4 Feedback loops link olfactory and pheromone signaling to reproduction
4.5 The ability to sense androstenone is genetically determined
4.6 Olfactory receptor-like genes are encoded in the histocompatibility system
5. INFLUENCE OF PHEROMONESON THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
5.1 The influence of human pheromones on the regulation of ovulation
5.2 The influence ofreproductive status on olfactory sensitivity indicates the specificity of theodor
5.3 The influence of lactation semiochemical compounds on the women's menstrual cycle
5.4 Synchronization and suppression of the menstrual cycle
5.5 A woman's body odor is a potential indicator of ovulation.
5.6 Positive association between menstrual synchrony and the ability to sense the steroid5alpha-androst-16-en-3alpha-ol
5.7 Human axillary extracts: analysis of compounds that influence menstrual duration
5.8 The influence of reproductive status on olfactory sensitivity indicates the specificity of theodor
5.9 Axillary secretions influence women's menstrual cycles: the role of donor extract
5.10 The influence of women's contact with men on the frequency of ovulation
6. HOMOSEXUALITY
6.1 The choice of humanbody odor is influenced by gender and sexual orientation.
6.2 Brain response to pheromones in homosexual men
6.3 Brain response to pheromones in homosexual women
7. VNO, SENSE OF SMELL
7.1 Anatomical evidence of Jacobson's organ (VNO) activityin humans
7.2 Functionality of the human vomeronasal organ (VNO):evidence for steroid receptors
7.3 Changes intestosterone levels and autonomic function by stimulation of the malevomeronasal organ (VNO) with pregna-4,20-diene-3,6-dione
7.4 Enlarged Vomeronasal Organ in a Child: Findings Illustrated
7.5 The human vomeronasal organ
7.6 The existence of the human vomeronasal organ
7.7 Estimation of Olfactory Function and Olfactory Threshold to Androstenone in Humans withand without a Functioning Vomeronasal Canal
7.8 The human vomeronasal system
7.9 Prevalence of anosmia to androstenone
7.10 Structure and function of the vomeronasal organ
7.11 Facts, Misconceptions, Concerns, and Frustrations About Human Pheromones
7.12 Changes in the odor properties of androstadienone during repeated exposure sensitization.
7.13 Androstadienone detection thresholds in adolescents
7.14 Individual differences in sensitivity to the odor of 4,16-androstadien-3-one
7.15 The alleged semiochemical compound influences the cerebral cortex reactions faster thansimilarly perceived odorants
7.16 Pheromonalsignaling in humans: What we can learn from the loss of smell
8. THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MEN’S PHEROMONES IN DELAYING THE ONSET OF MENOPAUSE IN WOMEN
8.1 Marital Status and Age at Naturally Occurring Menopause: Possible Pheromonal Influence
9. IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES ABOUT PHOROMONES FROM THE ANIMAL WORLD
9.1 Attractive properties of sex pheromones in mice: innate or acquired?
9.2 The importance of the learned response to the male's odor in sheep
9.3 Olfactory response to two odorous steroids in three primate species
9.4 Sex differences in olfactory sensitivity to putative human pheromones in nonhumanprimates
10. OXYTOCIN RESEARCH
10.1 Oxytocin changes the distance between men and women
How Chemosignals Influence Attraction & Social Response
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